关于国内外转基因食品的新闻报道 [复制链接]

<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><B>New Law Prods Food Makers To Focus on Data Management</B> <BR>Companies turn to packaged software to collect, organize product information<BR>News Story by  Jaikumar Vijayan <p></p></P>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><st1ate Month="1" Day="24" Year="2005">JANUARY 24, 2005</st1ate>  (COMPUTERWORLD)  - The clock is ticking for food manufacturers to comply with a new federal labeling law that places a greater emphasis on their ability to manage data related to ingredients, formulas and recipes. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">The Food Allergen and Consumer Protection Act, known as FALCPA, was signed into law in August 2003 and will take effect at the start of next year. The measure requires food companies to identify the presence of eight major allergens in plain language on their product labels. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">Complying with the law requires companies to have an organized process for collecting, maintaining and tracking allergen information, from the raw-material stage to the production of finished goods, said Herb Rau, director of quality at Barber Foods, a maker of frozen chicken products in Portland, Maine. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">"From an IT perspective, the information you have inside your systems needs to be always updated and has to fairly represent the material you're using in your products," Rau said. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><B>Complicated Task</B> <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">It's a task that can get complicated, especially for larger companies that typically deal with many ingredients, suppliers and products, said Kara Romanow, an analyst at AMR Research Inc. in <st1:City><st1:place>Boston</st1:place></st1:City>. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">"Many of them don't have the information in any sort of organized fashion," she said, adding that food makers often store raw-material and recipe information in spreadsheets and lab notes. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">Some IT vendors offer tools designed to help companies better organize their information. Last week, for instance, Formation Systems Inc. in <st1:place><st1:City>Southboro</st1:City>, <st1:State>Mass.</st1:State></st1:place>, released an updated version of its Optiva product life-cycle management software for process manufacturers that features new formula, labeling and package management functions. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">The software can capture information about raw materials and roll up the data "so that no matter what product or formulation you're talking about, it can provide you with allergen information," said Ian Finley, vice president of marketing at Formation. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">Rich Products Corp., a $1.7 billion food processor in <st1:place><st1:City>Buffalo</st1:City>, <st1:State>N.Y.</st1:State></st1:place>, is using Optiva to store information on all of the ingredients in its products. The allergen information related to each ingredient is carried through during the manufacturing process, as are nutritional calculations. That makes product labeling easier, said Anne Schneider, a business analyst at Rich. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">"With Optiva, the data has become more visible and easier to extract," she said. Rich installed the software last year, having previously relied on a homegrown application to track product information. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto">Barber Foods is also using Optiva to track and store information about raw materials. The company already plans to move to the new version of the software, Rau said. <p></p></P>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt">Other vendors with similar products include Aspen Technology Inc. in <st1:place><st1:City>Cambridge</st1:City>, <st1:State>Mass.</st1:State></st1:place>, and San Francisco-based GlobalNetXchange LLC, which last year acquired a technology that lets users create a central database for raw materials and finished products. It also performs recipe and nutritional calculations based on the data.<p></p></P>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 11pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><B>JUST THE FACTS</B><p></p></P></TD></TR>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-alt: 11.0pt"><B>FALCPA</B><BR><BR><B>WHAT IT IS:</B> The Food Allergen and Consumer Protection Act <p></p></P>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 11pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><B>WHEN IT GOES INTO EFFECT: </B><st1ate Month="1" Day="1" Year="2006">Jan. 1, 2006</st1ate> <p></p></P>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 11pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><B>ITS PURPOSE: </B>Requires food manufacturers to identify the presence of allergens such as milk, eggs, peanuts, shellfish, wheat and soy in their products <p></p></P>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 11pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><B>WHAT PRODUCTS ARE AFFECTED: </B>Whole foods as well as spices, flavorings, additives and food coloring <p></p></P></TD>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt">DNA test for food allergens launched<p></p></P></TD></TR>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG><FONT color=#999999><FONT face=Verdana><st1ate Month="6" Day="16" Year="2003">16/06/2003</st1: date> -</FONT></FONT></STRONG> <BR><BR> Genetic ID , a global company involved in testing foods for genetically modified organisms, has developed a series of tests to detect allergens in food products. The new Quick-Check allergen test series is capable of detecting the presence of as little as one or two allergen marker-molecules within the DNA found in a food sample. <p></p></P>
<P>Allergen testing is becoming an increasingly important aspect of quality assurance in food production because up to 3.5 per cent of adults and more than 5 per cent of children under age three suffer from food allergies. Reactions can range from mild unpleasant symptoms to deadly anaphylactic shock. <p></p></P>
<P>The only way to prevent allergic reactions is to avoid foods containing allergens. However, while it is easy for individuals to shun whole peanuts or fish fillets, it is difficult to avoid allergens in complex multi-ingredient foods. <p></p></P>
<P>For example, peanut residue, in even tiny amounts, could unintentionally pass from one production run to the next, contaminating a product supposedly free from peanuts. This would result in accidental contamination of foods made during the second manufacturing run with undeclared allergens which could result in harmful or fatal allergic reactions in consumers, and lead to product recalls and brand damage. <p></p></P>
<P>Genetic ID claims that its Quick-Check allergen test series is sensitive and capable of detecting even minute traces of an allergenic substance, even in the presence of highly complex food matrices. The test series is able to detect the major allergens listed for the United States, Canada, Japan and Europe. These include peanuts, soy, wheat and tree nuts such as almond, hazelnut, pecan, and walnut. <p></p></P>
<P>The company also claims that unlike other allergy tests, Quick-Check can detect all classes of seafood, including fresh and salt-water fish, clams, oysters, muscles, shrimp, and lobster. In addition, the tests are capable of specifically determining the presence of any of the seafood classes listed. <p></p></P>
<P>Genetic ID says that the DNA-based tests are highly accurate and sensitive, and able to detect allergens in processed foods. This is because DNA is less likely to be broken down by food processing and remains detectable. <p></p></P>
<P>The company claims that protein-based ELISA tests are less sensitive, and are often unable to detect allergens once the food has been cooked or otherwise processed. However, protein-based tests are recommended for dairy and eggs in samples containing cattle and/or chicken. <p></p></P>
<P><I>“With our expertise in the use of DNA-based, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology to detect genetically modified ingredients, it was a natural progression to apply this technology to allergen detection,” </I>said Genetic ID president Bill Thompson. <p></p></P>
<P><I>“The Quick-Check allergen test series will provide food manufacturers, as well as distributors and retailers, with another effective quality assurance tool.” </I><p></p></P></TD></TR>
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Food Allergies Now Believed to Affect 1-in-25 Americans According to FAAN Study Released at AAAAI Annual Conference, Americans with Seafood Allergies More Than Double Those with Peanut Allergies

  

San Francisco, ate Month="3" Day="22" Year="2004">March 22, 2004ate> -- A new study released today at the laceName>AmericanlaceName> laceType>AcademylaceType> of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology annual conference shows that food allergies are a much more pervasive health challenge than once thought. About 11 million people -- roughly 1-in-25 Americans -- are now believed to be affected by one or more food allergies, a disease triggered by the ingestion or contact with certain foods that may cause life-threatening reactions, or anaphylaxis, according to The Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN), a co-investigator of the nationwide survey.

  

While peanuts often get the largest share of public scrutiny in the battle to combat food allergies, the study found that seafood allergies affect approximately 6.5 million people -- more than double the 3 million people who confront the day-to-day challenges of having peanut or tree nut allergy.

  

"It's clear that as we gain a better sense of the numbers of people involved, food allergy represents a serious food safety and health issue in this country," said Anne Muñoz-Furlong, CEO and founder of FAAN (www.foodallergy.org), a patient advocacy group. "Peanuts are the tip of the iceberg. We must also make people equally aware and diligent about the dangers of fish and shellfish, tree nuts, milk, egg, wheat, and soy --the other major food allergy culprits."

  

Seafood, common in the U.S. diet, includes fish (cod, salmon and tuna, for example), and shellfish (shrimp, crab and lobster, squid, scallop, clams, mussels, and snails). The study showed that a shellfish allergy is reported by 1-in-50 persons and a fish allergy by 1-in-250. The most commonly reported allergic reactions to shellfish were caused by shrimp, crab, and lobster. In the fish group, salmon, tuna, and halibut were the most common causes of reactions.

  

Like peanuts and tree nuts, a high number of recurrent and severe reactions were reported in the study for seafood allergies. Multiple reactions were reported by 53 percent for fish and 57 percent for shellfish. In 55 percent of fish reactions and 40 percent of shellfish reactions, evaluation by a physician or care in an emergency room was sought. Treatment of severe symptoms and administration of epinephrine, the drug of choice for treating a severe allergic reaction, was reported in only 15 percent of seafood-allergic patients.

  

"The unexpectedly high rate of severe reactions to seafood, particularly by adults who apparently have multiple reactions, but do not seek medical care, sends an alarming message," says Dr. Scott Sicherer, co-author on the study. "We as physicians may be missing an important chance to diagnose and intervene positively in the care of these adult patients with food allergy."

  

"Multiple reactions and severe symptoms are common for seafood allergies, yet people do not typically get the care they need," Muñoz-Furlong added. "Often, individuals with seafood allergies believe they can simply avoid the food. However, study after study shows that accidental ingestion is common. If you have a history of seafood reactions, it's vitally important to visit a doctor and, based on a thorough examination, get a prescription to carry epinephrine with you at all times."

  

###

About the Study

Nearly 15,000 people were surveyed in the telephone study conducted in 2002 by FAAN and Drs. Scott H. Sicherer and Hugh A. Sampson, from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. The study was sponsored by The Food Allergy Initiative (FAI), The Jaffe Family Foundation, and The Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN). Results of the study were presented at the 2004 annual meeting of the laceName>American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI).

  

About FAAN

The Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (FAAN) is a Virginia-based, nonprofit organization with more than 26,000 members in the United States and worldwide. Established in 1991, FAAN's mission is to increase awareness, to provide education and advocacy, and to advance research on behalf of all those affected by food allergies and anaphylaxis. For more information, visit the FAAN Web site at www.foodallergy.org or call (800)929-4040. Contact the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology or the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology to reach a board-certified allergist.

美国人对基改食品信心逐渐消失

    

日前美国食品政策研究所所长对食品记者协会的一场演讲中指出，根据民意调查，由于安全的顾虑，美国人对于基改食品的支持度正在下降中。他虽然说目前再美国上市的基改食品是安全的，但是将来可能会出毛病，因为除了美国外，加拿大与欧洲国家都有一套强制的审查手续在把关，美国的大意有可能出错，应加强管制的措施。

Engineered foods losing their luster

Author/B> Suzanne Havala Hobbs
Publication/B> The Charlotte Observer
Date/B> ate Month="11" Day="3" Year="2004">Wednesday, November 03, 2004ate>

What do you get when you cross a salmon with a tomato?

Trouble, some folks think. Others see a way to protect the environment and provide more food for the world's hungry.

Whatever the truth, polls show public acceptance of food biotechnology is declining, says Carol Tucker Foreman, director of Consumer Federation of America's Food Policy Institute. Foreman was one of several speakers who addressed food biotechnology at a meeting of the Association of Food Journalists last month in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Biotech foods are also called genetically modified -- GMO -- or genetically engineered -- GE -- foods. An even more precise term is "transgenic foods."

The terms refer to a process that removes genes from a plant, animal or microbe and places them into another organism. The transferred genes work as codes for the production of proteins. If all goes as planned, the genes confer desirable qualities to the other organism.

For example, a transferred gene may cause a plant to produce its own pesticide, reducing the amount or strength of pesticides that farmers need to apply to crops. That can save money, reduce contamination and increase yields.

The transfer of genes from one living thing to another is common in nature. There's nothing inherently risky about eating foods that have been altered this way, according to Greg Jaffe, director of the Biotechnology Project at the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a consumer advocacy group.

Bees, for instance, carry pollen from one flower to another, crossing the genetic material of plant with another.

On the other hand, fish don't naturally breed with cucumbers. So when humans engineer gene transfers that wouldn't occur naturally, some people have concerns.

The concerns, according to JaffeBR>
Allergies. A new gene or protein may cause an allergic reaction in some people. For instance, an allergen from Brazil nuts was once transferred to soybeans. The problem was caught before the soybeans entered the food supply.

Toxicity. A GE food may have a toxic effect on the humans who eat it or on other plants or animals. A pesticide-producing plant might harm beneficial insects.

Other toxins or antinutrients could be created. There may also be environmental repercussions, such as insect resistance, and social or ethical issues, such as the potential for a few large, multinational companies to gain control over the world's food supply, and the need for independent agencies to determine whether foods are safe.

Conference speakers, including Foreman, Tucker and two others representing government, industry and researchers, agreed that Bt foods now on the market in the U.S. are safe.

The concern is what will happen in the future. Right now, our regulatory process is flawed. According to Foreman and Jaffe, Canada and every country in Europe that produces GE foods have a mandatory approval process. Only in the United States is the process secretive and voluntary.

That leaves consumers suspicious of GE foods. It also increases the risk that oversights could result in harmful products.

The U.S. needs meaningful regulatory controls to govern the use of gene science, so the world can enjoy its benefits while minimizing its risks.

Modified crops issue divides voters

Author/B> Elizabeth Weise
Publication/B> USA Today
Date/B> ate Month="11" Day="4" Year="2004">Thursday, November 04, 2004ate>

California appears divided on the topic of genetically engineered crops.
On Tuesday, one county voted to make it illegal to grow genetically engineered plants and animals. Two others defeated such propositions.

In laceName>MarinlaceName> laceType>CountylaceType>, north of San Francisco, the vote was 62% in favor of a ban. In more agricultural San Luis Obispo and Butte counties similar measures failed to gather majority support.

In laceName>Humboldt County, where advocates had withdrawn support because of legal problems with the way their measure was written, 35% of voters still voted for it.

Marin becomes the third county in the nation to ban biotech crops, joining California's Mendocino and Trinity counties, which enacted bans earlier this year.

"The counties where the measures have passed are not counties where these crops are being grown right now. In some ways they're symbolic initiatives," says Dave Kranz of the California Farm Bureau Federation.

The majority of soybeans, cotton and canola grown in the USA today are biotech. Other biotech crops include seed corn and small amounts of sweet corn, summer squash and papaya.

To create genetically engineered crops, scientists tweak one or two genes to make plants resistant to insects, herbicides or some viruses. Supporters say these crops require fewer chemicals and less plowing, protecting the environment and saving farmers money. Opponents say the crops have not been sufficiently tested and could potentially be dangerous both to humans and the environment.

Farmers want the flexibility to grow whatever crops are best for their land and markets and not be told by others what they can and cannot grow, Kranz says. In the counties where farmers "really voiced their concerns about those bans, voters rejected the anti-biotech initiative

更多加拿大人不信任基改食品  

五年前仅有31%的加拿大人对于基改产品坏处可能多于好处，但是近日的调查显示同样的问题，目前却已高达53%的消费者不认同基改食品，她们认为只要含有基改成份，就应该标示。

Majority uneasy about GM food

Author/B> PETER CALAMAI
Publication/B> Toronto Star
Date/B> ate Month="10" Day="12" Year="2004">Tuesday, October 12, 2004ate>

Unease over genetically modified food continues to rise among Canadians with three out of five saying such foods provide more risks than benefits, according to a recently released federal government poll.

This concern translated into a majority (53 per cent) of adult Canadians telling pollsters working for Ottawa that they were uncomfortable buying foods with genetically modified ingredients. Only 31 per cent gave the same answer in the first such survey five years ago.

Three in four Canadians indicated support for mandatory labelling if foodstuffs contain any GM ingredients, a move the federal government has consistently rejected as unnecessary.

The food industry estimates that between two-thirds and three-quarters of processed foods already contain GM ingredients or come from plants than have been genetically engineered.

"Canadians are not yet at a point where they feel comfortable with genetically modified food. In fact, comfort levels have continually declined," said a summary of the results prepared for senior federal officials.

Carried out in March by Decima Research, the telephone survey also found that the proportion of Canadians "very willing" to hand over their genetic information to researchers had plunged to 37 per cent from 56 per cent a year previous.

This growing concern over privacy eventually may "affect views about how health research is done and how people's personal genetic information is used in that research," said Decima's summary, quietly posted on the website of the Canadian Biotechnology Secretariat.

The summary provided only selected results from the telephone survey of 778 Canadians and 781 Americans done between March 19 and 30. A sample of this size reflects general public opinion within 3.5 percentage points, 19 times out of 20. The margin of error is greater when comparing results between Canada and the U.S.

澳政府坚拒基改棉    

虽然反对党认为可在部分地区种植基改棉，但是澳洲北领地政府认为不应该种植，以便维持本区域内产生干净食物、安全食物、绿色食物的形象。

AUSTRALIA: Govt stands firm against GM cotton in Top End

Publication/B> ABC
Date/B> ate Month="10" Day="7" Year="2004">Thursday, October 07, 2004ate>

The Northern Territory Government says growing genetically modified cotton on a commercial level would be damaging to the Territory's reputation.

The Territory Opposition says cotton farming could be considered around the second stage of the laceName>OrdlaceName> laceType>RiverlaceType>, on the Territory-Western Australian border.

But the Opposition has ruled out growing cotton in areas like the Douglas Daly.

The Minister for Primary Industry Kon Vatskalis says the Government is standing by its decision not to support the introduction of cotton farming anywhere in the Territory.

"If we want to continue to sell food from the Territory to promote the Territory as the origin of good quality food, clean food green food, we have to actually safeguard our other products from the perceptions of public," he said.

浙江對轉基因產品進出境設下層層“防護網”
2004 年6 月11 日07:55
為加強我省進出境轉基因產品檢驗檢疫管理，保障人體健康和動植物、微生物安全，保護生態環境，浙江檢驗檢疫局根據國家質檢總局有關進出境轉基因產品檢驗檢疫管理辦法，從日前起採取措施嚴把進出境轉基因產品檢驗檢疫關。
一是檢驗檢疫部門對進境轉基因動植物及其產品、微生物及其產品和食品實行申報制度，貨主或者其代理人在辦理進境報檢手續時，應當注明是否為轉基因產品。申報為轉基因產品的，須提供《農業轉基因生物安全證書》和《農業轉基因生物標識審查認可批准文件》及有關單證。
二是對於實施標識管理的進境轉基因產品，浙江檢驗檢疫局在核查標識後，符合農業轉基因生物標識審查認可批准文件的，准予進境；不按規定標識的，重新標識後方可進境；未標識的，不得進境。對列入實施標識管理的農業轉基因生物目錄的進境轉基因產品，如申報是轉基因的，浙江檢驗檢疫局實施轉基因項目的符合性檢測，如申報是非轉基因的，檢驗檢疫部門進行轉基因項目抽查檢測；對實施標識管理的農業轉基因生物目錄以外的進境動植物及其產品、微生物及其產品和食品，檢驗檢疫部門根據情況實施轉基因項目抽查檢測。如申
報為轉基因產品，但經檢測其轉基因成分與批准文件不符的；申報為非轉基因產品，但經檢測其含有轉基因成分的，檢驗檢疫部門通知貨主或者其代理人做退貨或者銷毀處理。
三是對進境供浙江展覽用的轉基因產品，須獲得法律法規規定的主管部門簽發的有關批准文件後方可入境，展覽期間接受浙江檢驗檢疫機構的監管。展覽結束後，所有轉基因產品必須做退回或者銷毀處理。如因特殊原因，需改變用途的，須按有關規定補辦進境檢驗檢疫手續。
四是過境浙江的轉基因產品，貨主或者其代理人事先向國家質檢總局提出過境許可申請，國家質檢總局自收到申請之日起270 日內作出答復，對符合要求的，簽發《轉基因產品過境轉移許可證》並通知浙江檢驗檢疫機構；對不符合要求的，簽發不予過境轉移許可證。過境浙江轉基因產品進境時，貨主或者其代理人須持規定的單證和過境轉移許可證向浙江檢驗檢疫機構申報，經審查合格的，准予過境，並由出境口岸檢驗檢疫機構監督其出境。對改換原包裝及變更過境線路的過境轉基因產品，應當按照規定重新辦理過境手續。
五是對出境產品需要進行轉基因檢測或者出具非轉基因證明的，貨主或者其代理人應當提前向浙江檢驗檢疫機構提出申請，並提供輸入國家或者地區官方發佈的轉基因產品進境要求。浙江局受理申請後，按規定抽樣送轉基因檢測實驗室做轉基因項目檢測，依據出具的檢測報告，確認為轉基因產品並符合輸入國家或者地區轉基因產品進境要求的，出具相關檢驗检疫單證；確認為非轉基因產品的，出具非轉基因產品證明。
據瞭解，第一批實施標識管理的農業轉基因生物目錄包括：一、大豆種子、大豆、大豆粉、大豆油、豆粕；二、玉米種子、玉米、玉米油、玉米粉（含稅號為11022000、11031300、11042300 的玉米粉）；三、油菜種子、油菜籽、油菜籽油、油菜籽粕；四、棉花種子；五、蕃茄種子、鮮蕃茄、蕃茄醬。

1/F, Cosmos Centre, 108 Soy Street, Mongkok, Hong Kong
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北京市場轉基因食用油今天貼出標識
日期：2003-07-16
來源：中國糧油食品信息網
今天上午，記者從北京市農業局和北京市農業轉基因生物安全管理辦公室獲悉，北京市艾森綠寶油脂有限公司已經獲准使用農業轉基因生物標識，北京部分商場、超市已擺出貼有轉基因標
識的“ 綠寶” 豆油。這是北京第一家申請並獲准使用農業轉基因生物標識公司。
7 月4 日，北京市農業局對北京市場上出售的“ 金龍魚” 、“ 綠寶” 、“ 福臨門” 等22 個食用油（豆油）品牌的生產企業亮出了“ 黃牌” ，原因是這些轉基因食用油（豆油）100％都沒有轉基因產品標識。
對轉基因食品的“ 身份”問題，一直困擾著生產廠家和消費者。首先是廠家，他們說在加工（分裝）這些豆制產品的過程中，根本就不知道供貨商提供的原料是不是轉基因食品。銷售商則表示市場上90％以上的食用油都含有轉基因成分。有調查顯示，在轉基因食品安全性尚不確定的情況下，廣大消費者對轉基因食品具有天然的抗拒心理。在有選擇權的情況下，消費者更傾向
于非轉基因食品。老年人和女性表現出更強的對非轉基因食品的偏好，消費者發出了呼聲：“ 我們要有選擇權和知情權！”
據瞭解，北京市農業轉基因生物安全管理辦公室公佈了第一批實施標識管理的農業轉基因生物目錄，包括大豆油、大豆、豆粕、油菜子、鮮番茄、番茄醬等五大類17 種農作物和蔬菜食品。
農業專家告訴記者：“ 轉基因食品其實並不可怕，我們也早就享受到了用轉基因的大豆油燒制的菜，而大豆油是我國目前爲數不多的轉基因食品之一。一般的轉基因食品在其外包裝上都應該作以標識，但是現在我國市場上有很多轉基因食品都未作此類標識，如現在我們吃的大豆油、番茄等大多數都是含有轉基因的成分，但只要是國家批准了的就是安全的，轉基因食品可以放心食用。”
如有任何疑問,歡迎向本公司銷售主任戴先生查詢
Tel: （0）13711108976
Fax: (010) 58022500

E-mail:  jianxiang.dai@dnachip.com.hk

1/F, Cosmos Centre, 108 Soy Street, Mongkok, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2111 2123 • Fax: (852) 2111 9762 • Email: dnachips@dnachip.com.hk •  
SERVING THE WORLD WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY
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“原產地”在南京“轉基因風波”波及“妙脆角”
（2003-12-24 01:53:06） 來源：現代快報
一波未平，一波又起。雀巢的“轉基因風波”尚無定論，人們又在在香港綠色和平組織列出的
“轉基因食品清單”中發現了另外一種食品，那就是眼下在南京各大超市熱銷的“貝蒂妙廚妙脆
角”。雖然該産品的背景是“世界500 強”之一的“美國通用磨坊公司”，但其原產地就在南
京。
妙脆角”南京賣得正俏
在蘇果超市新街口連鎖店，“妙脆角”正在進行火爆的促銷活動，花車上、零食貨架上，儼然
成了“妙脆角”的天下，各種口味令人眼花繚亂，什麼“巴西烤肉味”的、“天然原味”的、
“原滋原味”的、“魔力炭燒味”的、“美式茄汁味”的原來4.8 元/包的售價現在的促銷價都是
4.3 元/包。營業員告訴記者，貝蒂“妙脆角”已經上市幾年了，一直很好賣，“詳細數字沒有統
計，但是每天賣出幾十包不成問題。”
不過，在這些產品的包裝上，記者都沒有看到有關“轉基因”問題的標識或說明，當記者問及
有無消費者詢問“轉基因”標注問題時，營業員很肯定地說：“沒有。”
兩種“妙脆角”被測出“轉基因玉米”
被檢測出含有轉基因成分的妙脆角產品主要是兩種：貝蒂妙廚妙脆角魔力炭燒、貝蒂妙廚妙脆
角原滋原味。香港綠色和平組織綠色和平項目主任施鵬翔先生日前給記者提供了“被檢測含有轉
基因成分的食品清單”中，這兩種產品赫然在列，表中還顯示抽樣地點是“上海”，轉基因成分
是“轉基因玉米”。
“我們的產品符合中國標準”
記者昨日按照“貝蒂妙廚妙脆角”包裝上標注的電話聯繫了其生產廠家——通用磨坊食品（南
京）有限公司，包裝上同時顯示的還有“由美國通用磨坊食品有限公示授權”字樣。該公司品管
部的負責人闞小姐表示，這樣的問題由上海的總部負責解答，並稱將轉告記者的採訪要求。
大約1 小時後，上海的通用磨坊食品公司“ATO”（負責產品研發和品質控制的部門）負責人
陳先生給記者打來了電話。陳先生首先表示，美國通用磨坊食品公司是世界500 強企業之一，其
一貫宗旨是一定要符合當地政府的法律和法規，上市的任何一個產品都通過了公司內部的質量檢
查，而且會送到當地和國家衛生檢測部門檢測，所以也一定會到南京的衛生檢測部門檢測的。
“那麼這些檢測是否包括轉基因項目檢測呢？”對記者的這個問題，陳先生明確表示“沒
有”，他說：“據我瞭解，中國政府對此也還沒有明確的政策。”至於沒有對是否含有轉基因情
況進行標注，那是因為“產品包裝面積有限”。
陳先生同時還聲明，他們的美國公司有一個專門負責品質包括轉基因項目檢測的部門，但是，
“中國地區的妙脆角由於100％採用的都是中國東北的玉米，所以沒有拿到美國總部去做過檢
測。”對綠色和平組織的檢測結果，陳先生稱，在他到這個部門工作之前，“好像聽說過該組織
曾經來信詢問過我們公司的立場”，而且，“轉基因檢測中很容易發生交叉污染。”
專家倡導消費者知情權
從“雀巢”到“妙脆角”，人們對轉基因食品的關注越來越強，雖然目前學術界對轉基因食品
對人體是否一定有害尚無定論，但是有關專家認為，相關食品對消費者最負責任的做法應該是明
確標注是否含有轉基因成分，讓消費者自主選擇。
國家環保總局南京環境科學研究所研究員薛達元日前在接受記者關於轉基因食品採訪時表示，
2002 年中國要求國內市場上5 大類17 種轉基因農產品必須進行明確標注，不過由於多重原因，
這些規定並沒有很好地執行下去，這也導致企業對此不會太過“熱心”。（記者 鄭春平）
1/F, Cosmos Centre, 108 Soy Street, Mongkok, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2111 2123 • Fax: (852) 2111 9762 • Email:  dnachips@dnachip.com.hk •  
SERVING THE WORLD WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY
HONG KONG DNA CHIPS LIMITED
香港基因晶片開發有限公司
如有任何疑問,歡迎向本公司銷售主任梁先生查詢
Tel: (852) 2111-2123
Fax: (852) 2111-9762
E-mail:  henryleung@dnachip.com.hk

1/F, Cosmos Centre, 108 Soy Street, Mongkok, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2111 2123 • Fax: (852) 2111 9762 • Email:  dnachips@dnachip.com.hk  •  
SERVING THE WORLD WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY
HONG KONG DNA CHIPS LIMITED
香港基因晶片開發有限公司
菲 基 因 玉 米 花 粉 播 病 毒
【 本 報 綜 合 報 道 】 菲 律 賓 棉 蘭 老 島 一 個 基 因 玉 米 種 植 場 附 近 的 村 民 ，
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皮 膚 敏 感 等 病 症 ， 其 中 四 戶 村 民 遷 離 後 不 久 即 告 痊 愈 ， 但 重 返 該 村 後
又 再 病 發 ； 經 群 醫 會 診 後 ， 認 為 他 們 的 病 況 跟 環 境 有 關 。
挪 威 基 因 生 態 研 究 所 科 學 主 任 特 拉 維 克 教 授 進 行 調 查 ， 經 化 驗 村 民 血
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才 可 作 最 後 定 論 。
不 過 著 名 基 因 工 程 公 司 「 蒙 桑 托 公 司 」 及 菲 律 賓 政 府 對 此 結 論 存 疑 。
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Should you have any enquiries, please feel free to contact usBR>Henry Leung
Sales & Marketing Executive
Tel: (852) 2111-2123 Fax: (852) 2111-9762
E-mail: henryleung@dnachip.com.hk
1/F, Cosmos Centre, 108 Soy Street, Mongkok, Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2111 2123 • Fax: (852) 2111 9762 • Email: dnachips@dnachip.com.hk  • URL:  
SERVING THE WORLD WITH BIOTECHNOLOGY
HONG KONG DNA CHIPS LIMITED
香港基因晶片開發有限公司

转基因食品管理措施大观
由于转基因生物对人体健康、生态环境和动植物、微生物安全的影 响，目前在国际上
尚无定论。不过，对于转基因的标识问题已经达成共 识。2001 年1 月，包括我国在内的113
个国家（地区）在加拿大签署联合 国《生物安全议定书》，明确规定，消费者有对于转基
因食品的知情权， 转基因产品越境转移时，进口国可以对其实施安全评价与标识管理。目
前，各国对转基因食品看法各异，出于健康安全的考虑，各国对转基因 产品管理趋严，也
采取了不同的管理办法。
美国
由于美国是使用转基因技术最广泛的国家，也是转基因生物安全管 理比较宽松的国家。
因此对转基因食品在生产、流通中不加以任何限制，对消费食物是否属于转基因类不加以区
分，基因改造作物不必用标签注 明，反对在国际贸易中对转基因食品施加贸易壁垒。
墨西哥
2000 年3 月，墨西哥上议院一致通过健康法例，要求转基因食品贴 上标签，并于标签
上列明转基因成分，并印上"此食物经转基因"。
巴西
1998 年绿色和平组织成功争取法院禁令，在标签制度实施以前，任何转基因的大豆不
得进口。1999 年8 月，巴西利亚法院的联邦法官引用 此禁令，支持绿色和平组织禁止种植
转基因大豆。2000 年6 月，巴西利亚法院的联邦法再次确认标签制度的需要，但直至现在
为止，有关制度法例仍未实施，但已进入议会审议阶段。
欧盟
欧洲议会于1997 年5 月15 日通过的《新食品规程》决议，规定欧盟成员国对上市的转
基因产品必须要有GMO 的标签，这包括所有转基因食品或含有转基因成分的食品。标签内容
应包括：（a）GMO（转基因生物）的来源；（b）过敏性；（c）伦理学考虑；（d）不同于
传统食品（成 分、营养价值、效果等）。1998 年9 月1 日欧盟增补了标签指南，规定来自
于转基因豆类和玉米的食品（目前不包括食品添加剂如大豆卵磷脂）须加标签。如果食品的
原料及在加工过程中没有添加转基因的成分，则 可标示非转基因食品的标签。
在欧盟关于转基因生物安全问题的最新文件汇编中，其中明确提对于转基因产品管理的
两大原则：安全预防和事先知情同意。其具体规定为，转基因食品不得：
1.对人类健康和环境造成危害；
2.误导消费者；
3.与其取代的食品存在差异，即正常消费导致消费者营养不良。如果转基因食品与传统
食品存在差异，则需说明其组成成分、营养价值、对特定人群的健康影响等。所有食品的转
基因成分超过1％，必须进行标识。
瑞士
联邦政府规定食品中转基因成分不超过1％的，不需在标签上标明； 超过1％或无法
确定的，需在标签上说明。
挪威
挪威被视为全世界监管转基因最严格的国家，政府禁止数种含有耐抗生素标示基因的转
基因作物及制品进口，政府也执行转基因标签制度。
波兰
波兰政府于2000 年4 月宣布所有转基因食物都需要贴上标签，其环保部长下令有关信
息需要印在包装纸上，以显眼的颜色印上易读的字样。
澳大利亚
1999 年5 月起实施《转基因食品标准》，规定对用基因工程技术生产的食品必须进行
安全性评价，如在安全性评价中未获认可，将不得进入市场销售。
俄罗斯
从1999 年7 月1 日起，进口转基因食品必须经俄有关部门质检。俄授权医学科学院食
品研究所和国家生物工程中心对进口转基因食品进行质检,并从2002 年10 月1 日开始，俄
罗斯将实施要求所有转基因食品注册的法律。
日本
持较为中立的态度，一方面对转基因食品有进口需求；另一方面对 转基因食品的安全
性有所顾虑，规定采用转基因技术获得的农作物及食 品不能作为绿色食品。针对越来越多
的消费者关心转基因食品的安全性，农林水产省在加大了对生物技术的宣传的同时，于2001
年4 月起对某些转基因食品实施强制性标识制度。
韩国
韩国政府从2001 年3 月1 日开始，实施转基因食品强制性标签制度。 对大豆和玉米等
4 种作物必须标明是否是转基因农作物。从2001 年9 月1 日起对所有进口的大豆、玉米以
及含有这些成分的食品要求加贴"转基因"标识，并出具转基因检测证明。
泰国
作为全球第一大米出口国和其他食品的主要进口国，泰国对转基因食品的安全问题关心
日益增强，在未经科学证明转基因食品是否安全之前，泰国禁止进口转基因种子。
印度尼西亚
转基因食品于1996 年的食品法中被纳入监管。标签制度规定，所有经转基因的食品都
需要贴上印有"基因工程改造"的标签；在加工食品上，转基因成分要列明在成分表上。
沙特阿拉伯
政府禁止所有经由转基因生物制造的动物产品，并从2001 年12 月开始严格执行标签制
度，转基因食品一定要贴三角形标签，并以阿拉伯文及英文印上警告句，转基因食品进口也
需附上健康证明。
印度
印度政府正在研究对所有进口食品实施转基因安全证书计划，以确保食品有正确标识，
保护消费者的健康。印度政府拟要求所有进口商出具证明，证明其进口的食品是否含有转基
因的成分。由于国际上转基因大豆很普遍，而印度最大的进口食品是食用油，所以油菜籽和
葵花籽将会成为对转基因成分检测的首要进口食品。
斯里兰卡
从2001 年5 月1 日起，所有转基因食品都被禁止进口，政府亦禁止进口、制造、运输、
储存、分发及销售任何转基因食品。
中国
2001 年5 月23 日颁布了《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》（简称《 条例》）。
为了保障《条例》的实施，农业部于2002 年1 月5 日发布了《农业转 基因生物安全评
价管理办法》、《农业转基因生物进口安全管理办法》 和《农业转基因生物标识管理办法》
三个配套规章，自3 月20 日起施行。 第一批列入目录的农业转基因生物是：大豆种子、大
豆、大豆粉、大豆 油、豆粕、玉米种子、玉米、玉米油、玉米粉、油菜种子、油菜籽、油 菜
籽油、油菜籽粕、棉花种子、番茄种子、鲜番茄、番茄酱等。
农业部于3 月11 日发布了《转基因农产品安全管理临时措施公告》。 境外公司可申请
"临时证明"，并按《农业转基因生物标识管理办法》 的规定进行标识后，继续向中国出口
转基因农产品。

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